What is Free Radical Damage?
Free radical damage refers to the harmful effects caused by reactive molecules called free radicals in the body, including the skin. Free radicals are unstable molecules or atoms that have unpaired electrons in their outermost shell. This unpaired electron makes them highly reactive and eager to stabilize by stealing an electron from other molecules. In the context of the skin, free radicals can be generated by various factors, including pollution, UV radiation, smoking, and stress. When these free radicals come into contact with the skin, they can initiate a cascade of damaging reactions, leading to oxidative stress and cellular damage. Free radicals can attack important components of the skin, such as: (1) Lipids. Free radicals can oxidize the lipids present in the skin, including the lipids that make up the skin's protective barrier. This oxidation process can disrupt the barrier function, increasing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and dryness. (2) Proteins. Collagen and elastin, two important proteins responsible for the skin's strength, elasticity, and firmness, are particularly vulnerable to free radical damage. (3) DNA. Free radicals can cause DNA damage within skin cells. This DNA damage can interfere with normal cell replication and repair processes, potentially leading to mutations and an increased risk of skin cancers or other skin disorders. The accumulation of free radical damage in the skin over time contributes to the aging process, known as premature aging or photoaging. Additionally, free radical damage can also exacerbate skin conditions like acne, rosacea, and eczema due to increased inflammation and compromised skin barrier function. So, what can you do about it? According to experts, antioxidants are critical in combating free radical damage. They help neutralize free radicals by donating an electron without becoming reactive, thereby breaking the chain reaction and preventing further damage. Antioxidants, whether applied topically through natural skincare products, clean beauty products, anti-aging products from professional skincare brands, or obtained through a balanced diet, can help protect the skin from free radical damage and promote healthier, more resilient skin.
